h2. Shelov, Steven P., M.D., M.S., F.A.A.P. Your Baby’s First Year.

h3. Bantam Books. New York, New York 2005 ed. 2 pp 57-58

When babies are born prematurely, they are more susceptible to a number of health problems. Here are some of the most common conditions:

* *Respiratory distress syndrome* is a breathing disorder related to the baby’s immature lungs. It occurs because the lungs of preterm babies often lack surfactant, a liquid that gives lungs the elasticity that makes breathing easier. Artificial surfactants can be used to treat these babies, along with a ventilator to help them breathe.
* *Bronchopulmonary dysplasia*, or chronic lung disease, is a term used to describe babies who require oxygen for several weeks or months. They tend to outgrow this uncommon condition, which varies in severity, as their lungs grow and mature.
* *Apnea* is a temporary pause (more than fifteen seconds) in breathing that is common in preterm infants. It often is associated with a decline in the heart rate, called bradycardia. Your pediatrician can prescribe medication that helps regulate the breathing of babies with apnea, and most infants outgrow the condition by the time they leave the hospital for home.
* *Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)* is an eye disease in which the retina is not fully developed. Most cases resolve without treatment, although serious cases may need treatment, including surgery in the most severe instances.
* *Jaundice* develops in babies whose liver is not mature enough to completely filter a normal blood breakdown product called bilirubin. As a result, the skin may develop a yellowish hue. The treatment for jaundice involves placing the baby under special lights (while her eyes are covered to protect them).